The env function retrieves the value of an environment variable or returns a default value:
<?php $env = env('APP_ENV');

$env = env('APP_ENV', 'production');
<?php     |




    'name' => env('APP_NAME', 'Laravel'),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     |




    'env' => env('APP_ENV', 'production'),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     |




    'debug' => (bool) env('APP_DEBUG', false),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     |




    'url' => env('APP_URL', 'http://localhost'),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     |




    'timezone' => env('APP_TIMEZONE', 'UTC'),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     |




    'locale' => env('APP_LOCALE', 'en'),



    'fallback_locale' => env('APP_FALLBACK_LOCALE', 'en'),
<?php     'locale' => env('APP_LOCALE', 'en'),



    'fallback_locale' => env('APP_FALLBACK_LOCALE', 'en'),



    'faker_locale' => env('APP_FAKER_LOCALE', 'en_US'),
<?php     'fallback_locale' => env('APP_FALLBACK_LOCALE', 'en'),



    'faker_locale' => env('APP_FAKER_LOCALE', 'en_US'),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     'cipher' => 'AES-256-CBC',



    'key' => env('APP_KEY'),



    'previous_keys' => [

        ...array_filter(
<?php     'previous_keys' => [

        ...array_filter(

            explode(',', env('APP_PREVIOUS_KEYS', ''))

        ),

    ],
<?php     'maintenance' => [

        'driver' => env('APP_MAINTENANCE_DRIVER', 'file'),

        'store' => env('APP_MAINTENANCE_STORE', 'database'),

    ],
<?php     'maintenance' => [

        'driver' => env('APP_MAINTENANCE_DRIVER', 'file'),

        'store' => env('APP_MAINTENANCE_STORE', 'database'),

    ],



];
<?php     |




    'name' => env('APP_NAME', 'Laravel'),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     |




    'env' => env('APP_ENV', 'production'),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?php     |




    'debug' => (bool) env('APP_DEBUG', false),




    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------